introduction

Sponge Iron | Introduction, Properties and Applications in Metallic Sections Production

Sponge iron, also known as Direct Reduced Iron (DRI), is one of the most essential raw materials in the steel industry and in the production of metallic sections.
It is produced through the direct reduction of iron ore, a process in which oxygen is removed from the ore using reducing gases such as hydrogen and carbon monoxide.
The final product is a highly porous and pure form of iron that resembles a sponge in structure — hence the name sponge iron

types

Key Features of Sponge Iron

High metallic iron (Fe) content and excellent purity
Can be directly charged into furnaces (DRI)
Increases production efficiency and reduces energy consumption
Produces cleaner and higher-quality steel
Lightweight and easier to handle compared to scrap metal

Forms and Types of Sponge Iron

Depending on the production process and usage, sponge iron is available in several forms, including:

Pellet Form: The most common type with uniform size and easy furnace charging
Hot Briquetted Iron (HBI): Densified and compacted for safer transportation and export
Cold Briquetted Iron (CBI): Produced at lower temperatures, ideal for storage and domestic use
Sponge Iron Powder: Used in specific industrial applications and powder metallurgy

Applications of Sponge Iron in Different Industries

Steelmaking and Metallic Sections Production: Main raw material for manufacturing steel billets, rebars, beams, and steel sheets
Electric Arc and Induction Furnaces: Replaces scrap metal in the steel melting process
Alloy Steel Production: Used for producing special steel grades with precise chemical composition
Rolling and Casting Plants: Improves melting efficiency and controls the final quality of products